Changes in Ethnic and Religious Diversity

Question: 1. Fundamentally examine the originations of Australian national personality introduced in two Australian movies or TV arrangement created after 2001. 2. ' Australia is situated in Asia however has never been a piece of Asia. Fundamentally survey the legitimacy of this announcement corresponding to Australia since the 1970s. AIX290-390 Field Report Essay Assessment 3. Why has financial disparity expanded in Australia since the 1970s? What have been the outcomes of this expansion for the personal satisfaction in Australia? 4. How have examples of ethnic and strict assorted variety changed in Australia since the 1970s? How have governments reacted to these changes? 5. Thoroughly analyze Australian mentalities towards movement with ONE of the United States or Korea or another nation in East Asia. 6. The Australian reaction to haven searchers exhibits that bigotry is perfectly healthy in Australia. Do you concur? 7. Investigate the Australian experience of carbonpricing with ONE of the U nited States, Korea, Peoples Republic of China or another nation in East Asia 8. How have indigenous Australians tested the Australian country state since the 1970s? How has the pioneer lion's share reacted to their requests? 9. Why and how has Sydney increased a global notoriety as a focal point of gay life? 10. Why has the reason for marriage uniformity been more fruitful in the United States than in Australia? 11. Look into the essentialness of religion in Australian existence with its criticalness with ONE of the United States, Korea or another nation in East Asia. 12. The experience of Julia Gillard as Prime Minister showed that sexism is fit as a fiddle in Australia. Do you concur? 13. What are the likenesses and contrasts between the Australian Labor Party and the American Democrats? AIX290-390 Field Report Essay Assessment 14. What are the likenesses and contrasts between the Liberal and National gatherings and the American Republicans? Answer: Presentation: In late situation, it is apparent that the there is presence of cross-societies in each country. There is progressively social reliance of different networks and the interrelatedness has expanded essentially particularly after the globalization. These days, there is social variety in every single country. It very well may be said that truly the contentions among different races and ethnic gatherings are apparent. It is clear that, as the time passed such clashes were settled in the general public and it prompted progressively just framework in different social orders (wiliam, 2015). In ongoing decades multi-culturism is one of the perceived words by the scholastics, social pundits and the approach producers. It is clear that Australia is one of the nations where such changes have been apparent and the examples of ethnic and strict decent variety has changed in the nation in the previous not many decades (Collins, 2013). The principle point of this article is to basically talk about t he progressions ethnic and strict decent variety in Australia since 1970s. Previously, experiencing the adjustments in ethnic and strict assorted variety, it is imperative to comprehend both the terms well overall. It is noticed that OSullivan (2014) characterized theethnic grouporethnicityas a particular class of individuals whorecognize with each otheron the premise of widespreadinherited, collective, instructive or across the nation experience. Then again, the term strict assorted variety can be clarified from different edges, for example, from psychosomatic, anthropological, or ordered purpose of perspectives. The current contention, by and by, will stress itself chiefly with a few key viewpoints neighboring strict assorted variety, specifically methodical mastermind of strict conviction, are generally fearful at present (OSullivan, 2014). Here, the examination likewise talked about how the administration has reacted to such changes. Changes in Ethnic and Religious Diversity in Australia since 1970s: It is obvious that there has been social and ethnic decent variety in Australia and it has changed essentially in the previous scarcely any decades. Here it very well may be said that 1995 is the International Year of Tolerance as assigned by the United Nations and it pondered the multi-social nature in Australia. It is clear that different societies have developed in Australia with no serious issues that are seen in different nations (Australia.gov.au, 2015). There are a few estimates that can be utilized to show various attributes of the strict, social and ethnic decent variety of Australia. There is sure level of debate that is clear in the nation too. One of the challenges that were looked in the nation was as far as finding the ethnicity of the individuals. Australian censuses on the origin and the religion can introduce constrained issues that were for the most part brought about by changing limits after some time. Before, it was announced by most Australians the adherence to a particular group which was typically Catholic or Protestant. The instructive government assistance offices and places of worship were progressively inspired by the strict information however as of late the selectiveness of the divisions were not all that inflexible as non-Christian sections were likewise extended in Australia. The ethnic quality and the fixation can be estimated by the ethnic origin and strict information. In the accompanying table the quantity of original and second era individuals with English talking and non-English talking foundation in 1991 (Forrest and Dunn, 2011). Source: (Abs.gov.au, 2015) It is obvious that individuals from different relocation nations have come in Australia and that has created the second era in the nation. The gatherings principally incorporate individuals from Austria, Ireland, Malta, Netherlands, Germany, Greece, Italy, and United Kingdom. The subsequent age fundamentally dwarfs the first. Here it very well may be said that the new thousand years started in Australia with an enormous and assorted populace base. There has been 5% expansion in the inhabitants who are brought into the world abroad. It is additionally obvious that there has been a decrease in the Australia conceived occupants. As of late, the progression of individuals in Australia having an origin of United Kingdom is 5.5%. Around 6.3% of the individuals in Australia are conceived in the Middle-east, North Africa and Asia. Consequently there has been critical social assorted variety is Australia since 1970s. The ethnic piece of the nation changed altogether, particularly after the Second World War. After the War, the quantity of moved individuals entering Australia from different nations expanded. In 1947, a large portion of the individuals moved in Australia were from English-talking nations (White, 2009). Since 1971, the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander individuals were remembered for the agreement. After 1971, the assorted variety in the ethnic gatherings expanded essentially. The blended plummets were likewise characterized in other racial class because of high notable fixation on race despite the fact that they were very acclimatized in the standard. So as to come in the ongoing statistics list, indigenous individuals decided to order themselves as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander source (migrationpolicy.org, 2002). Here it very well may be said that the size of ethnic gatherings can't be resolved unquestionably versatile ethnic gathering idea. In the migration circumstanc e there is a component of decision and the thing that matters is between the non-residents and residents. In 1973, the racial characterization of movement was relinquished by Australian government as there was no purpose behind the ethnic gathering restriction (OSullivan, 2014). There were changing patterns of finding the substitute for ethnicity. From the outset it was origination which turned into the unacceptable measure, after that it was evaluated by religion. In 1976, language was the fundamental proportion of ethnicity. In the accompanying table, a portion of the ethnicities as far as origination, religion and language are appeared. Source: (Abs.gov.au, 2015) There are different elements of ethnicities and after 1991; self-ID was remembered for the Census for the native individuals (Unesco.org, 2015). In Australia, it was seen that the ethnic minorities and explicit gathering of individuals packed specifically zones and it was regularly named as ghettos. Presently the administration reactions to the ethnic and strict decent variety can be examined. Government Responses to the ethnic and strict assorted variety in Australia Since the very source as a vital structure the reaction towards the necessities of the foreigners the ethnic and the strict assorted varieties have become a thought that detected the developing social decent variety in the general public particularly during the later piece of the twentieth century. Nonetheless, this multi-social and ethnic assorted variety has been commonly challenged and consequently have been exceptionally dubious and examined as for the security and the social questions predominant in the start of the twenty-first century (Roy, 2012). In Australia the principal Department of Immigration was built up in 1945. From that point forward the legislature was centered around the arrangements identifying with the settlement of the outsiders and open talk because of this (ZAPPALA, 1998). Because of this the multicultural assorted variety in the Australian culture vacillated and the accentuation moved from absorbing and coordinating to multi-social decent variety. In any case as of late the move has again centered to digestion. Towards the finish of 1960s, the approaches of the legislature had just moved towards joining and mindfulness spread on the troubles which the new outsiders confronted. The administration likewise endeavored to make such strategies that would bolster the foreigners to effectively coordinate in the Australian culture without the dread of losing their national character (Neale, Kleinert and Bancroft, 2000). Globally there were nations that were generally inviting the workers in their nations, for example, Canada. Because of this during 1970s the acknowledgment of these multi-societies in the Australian culture incr

Top Six (Really) FREE Image Sites - The Writers For Hire

TOP SIX (REALLY) FREE IMAGE SITES With the Internet’s apparently unending stream of pictures for some random subject, it’s difficult to know which ones are allowed to utilize, and which ones are ensured by exacting copyrights. Seeing a enormous watermark on a picture is commonly a decent sign that the picture you are taking a gander at is copyrighted. Be that as it may, consider the possibility that there is no conspicuous copyright. watermark? What's more, imagine a scenario in which you can tap on the picture and spare it to your. PC? Does that imply that you are lawfully allowed to utilize that picture for your own sites or sites? The appropriate responses to these inquiries are not in every case clear, and in any event, when you think you are following the correct strides to ensure you are utilizing a picture that isn't copyrighted, pictures that appear to be without copyright are once in a while just copyright free in specific circumstances. The Sticky Details of Copyright Laws Sadly, picture copyright laws can be confused to explore. Furthermore, disregarding those copyright laws can prompt punishments and costly claims. Of course, there is an opportunity that the picture you use will never be found. Be that as it may, actually that whoever snapped that photo or made that picture has the right to be appropriately credited what's more, made up for their work. That is where copyright licenses, and the laws that secure them, become possibly the most important factor. There is a enormous exhibit of various copyright licenses that control how and when pictures can be utilized. A few licenses are extremely prohibitive, while others permit open and free utilization of the picture. The stunt is making sense of which permit your picture is secured by, and what that permit permits and denies. For instance, Flickr pictures are secured under eight unique sorts of Creative Commons copyright licenses. The specific permit utilized for every individual picture is up to the caution of whoever made or claims the picture. Along these lines, when utilizing Flickr pictures, it is significant that you discover which Creative Commons permit is material to the specific picture that you wish to utilize. Kinds of Copyright Licenses While there are various copyright licenses out there, probably the most usually found licenses are: All Rights Reserved: With this permit, the copyright holder saves all rights given by copyright law. This incorporates the option to cause duplicates, to disseminate the picture, and permit or in any case abuse their work; no rights are deferred under this license.Royalty Free: An eminence free permit permits you to utilize the picture without paying any sort of eminence. Eminence free pictures are commonly found on stock-photograph destinations, where the sovereignty has been paid effectively through your participation to the site.Public Domain Work: Images characterized under the Public Area have been distinguished as being liberated from known limitations under copyright law. This implies the picture is liberated to be utilized for all reasons, without requiring to look for consent or pay a fee.Attribution: If a picture is secured by the Attribution permit, it might be utilized for individual or business purposes, as long as the client gives appropriate credit, gives a connect to the permit, and shows whether any progressions were made to the first image.Attribution-ShareAlike: Like the Attribution permit, this permit permits free utilization of the picture with appropriate attribution. It additionally requires that on the off chance that you change or expand upon the picture in any capacity, you should circulate your commitment under a similar permit as the original.Attribution-NoDerivs: Again, this permit follows the equivalent administers as the Attribution permit; in any case, in the event that you roll out any improvements to the unique, you may not appropriate the changed image.Attribution-NonCommercial: With the NonCommercial statement to the Attribution permit, you may just utilize the picture for individual use. The picture may not be utilized for business purposes. Instructing yourself on precisely what these licenses spread, and ensuring you know which permit relates to your picture, is basic in the event that you wish to maintain a strategic distance from any conceivable copyright encroachments. Punishments For Copyright Infringements Making the slip-up of utilizing a copyrighted picture without authorization can hold some lovely weighty results. First of all, it’s in no way enjoyable to get an alarming looking â€Å"Cease and Desist† letter or an â€Å"Unauthorized Use Report† email. Far and away more terrible, however, is the point at which those notifices are joined by an interest that you pay a permit charge or face further legitimate activity. Furthermore, in the event that you figure you can pull off overlooking the notification and charge request, reconsider! Coming up short to react to the quit it can cost you a fine of somewhere in the range of $200 to $150,000, in addition to lawyer expenses and harms. To finish it off, the picture proprietor can accept it to the extent utilizing the DCMA (Digital Thousand years Copyright Act) to get your whole site shut down. All in all, How would you Know whether Images are Truly Copyright Free? The best way to know without a doubt is to look into the permit for the specific picture that you need to utilize. When utilizing locales, for example, Flickr or Shutterstock, every individual picture ought to have an authorizing understanding that clarifies whether the picture can be utilized, for what reason it might be utilized, and whether there is a charge related with its utilization. In any case, if you are essentially doing a Google picture search, the permit data isn't continuously simple to discover. Regularly, it is almost difficult to discover who really claims the permit for a considerable lot of the pictures. Also, in spite of the fact that it is conceivable to set Google parameters to show just copyright free pictures, there is no assurance that the pictures that are demonstrated are really copyright free. For this reason, we suggest that you generally pick your pictures from a site where authorizing data is unmistakably presented and simple on comprehend. While there are a wide range of picture locales to browse, these are our best six top pick locales with the expectation of complimentary pictures: https://www.pexels.com/https://burst.shopify.comhttps://www.reshot.comhttps://pixabay.comhttps://gratisography.com/https://pxhere.com/ Not exclusively do these destinations contain amazingly lovely pictures, they all additionally obviously express that their pictures are accessible for both business and non-business use and that credit to the picture taker isn't required however is, as usual, acknowledged. What's more, the best part? Adhering to one of these destinations for your picture searches will guarantee that you can have significant serenity in realizing that you won't be in peril of unconsciously submitting a copyright encroachment. **Note: While the destinations we suggest do have copyright free pictures, it is consistently imperative to peruse the fine print before utilizing a picture. In spite of the fact that the picture itself might be allowed to utilize, a portion of the things delineated in the pictures, (for example, recognizable individuals, tourist spots, or trademarked logos) may have different copyrights or trademarks that require assent from an outsider.

MindMeister 4.0 New Features! - Focus

MindMeister 4.0 New Features! - Focus Please note: this article was last updated in 2010. For the latest information on MindMeister product updates, please visit our blog homepage at focus.meisterlabs.com Chances are, you’ve probably noticed a few changes to your MindMeister user interface over the past few days. This is because we’ve packed a bunch of new updates into our newest version release: MindMeister  4.0. There have been a number of helpful suggestions from our users, and while we haven’t crossed them all off the ‘To-Do’ map, we’ve incorporated a number in this release, and plan on rolling out additional features over the next few months. Whats New? Map Themes One of the most requested features in our recent User Survey was the ability to color and theme maps. We’ve now added the ability to change not only node and text colors, but backgrounds as well. Users may select one of our 12 predefined maps, or customize their map with any number of color combinations. If you’ve got one you think we should take a look at, please let us know! Stats, Reports, and Backups Team Edition users are now privy to a host of administrative features. Included in the MindMeister 4.0 release are usages statistics and activity reports. Administrators of Team Edition accounts can find these reporting features listed under the ‘My Team’ tab, and now have access to a birds-eye overview of team activity. Currently, we provide user data on: who’s logged in, most active users, and number of maps per user. Back It Up! Another high scorer on our User Survey, MindMeister users indicated that they’d like an option to back-up their mind maps. We’re introducing this service to team edition (Business and Academic) users, who now have the option to backup all mind maps of team members to a configurable external location. Administrators may specify how often and in which format these backups should take place, and can access them via any SSH FTP connection. As mentioned above, we also have more reporting features in the works. If there’s a feature you’d like to see included, please let us know! Configurable Sidebar Let’s face it, not everyone is working on a 30” Cinema Display (sadly, were not either). We discovered that a number of MindMeister users were doing a lot of unnecessary scrolling and clicking just to access and open the Sidebar widgets. We’ve worked a bit of code magic behind the scenes that now allows users to drag and drop Sidebar widgets wherever they choose. Use attachments quite a lot, but not the Navigator? Drag that Navi down to the bottom, and drop the Extras section up top! New User Interface As mentioned above, we’ve introduced a new user interface. Were going for a cleaner, streamlined, more ‘business-like design, and have paved the way for even more user-requested features (did someone say folders?). We’ll be adding these new features piece by piece over the next few months. You might also notice the lack of a certain pink motif. While the pink will still remain as part of our overall logo design, we’ve started to phase it out, and are replacing it with a lighter shade of blue. As with all of our releases, we’ve checked and re-checked the system, but if you happen to find any issues that we should be made aware of, please let us know! Visualize. Plan. Deliver. Try MindMeister

Information Systems Changing Constantly - 633 Words

INFORMATION SYSTEMS: CHANGING CONSTANTLY Information Systems: Changing Constantly BIS/219 October 29, 2009 INFORMATION SYSTEMS: CHANGING CONSTANTLY The last 20 years, traditional business organizations have critically adapted to create new change within their infrastructure. Modernization of company departments in marketing, management and HR have improved workflow efficiency, learning, control, flexibility, production and performance to survive the onslaught of other competitors. Decision making in organizations has rarely been the focus of organized analysis. In the last couple years, this may account for the astounding number of recent poor decisions to invest in and securitize mortgage loans. Companies†¦show more content†¦Application software consists of instructions that direct a computer system to perform specific information processing activities and that provide functionality for users. Because there are so many different uses for computers, there are a correspondingly large number of different application software programs. Examples of different types of software ap plications are Microsoft Office, Adobe, IBM Lotus, Novell, and Netscape. System software are programs that control and support the computer system and its information processing activities. Systems software also facilitates the programming, testing, and debugging of computer programs. System control programs control use of the hardware, software, and data resources of a computer system. The main system control program is the operating system. The operating system (OS) supervises the operation of the computer. One of its key functions is to monitor the computer’s status, scheduling operations, including the input, and output processes. This author took into consideration the various organizational departments within a company, to include marketing, management, and HR. â€Å"Balancing Four Factors in System Development Projects† (2009). Companies need to develop their departments to the following criteria. Acquire knowledge in the use of key technologies, development of technologies, business functionality, control over project costs, and control over projectShow MoreRelatedReflection Paper1242 Words   |  5 Pagesof the relevant information from the bulk of knowledge is vital for many aspect of our lives. As an IMBA student in Florida International University, I have never thought that there was such a strict distinction between the information and the knowledge in today’s technology driven world. However, after taken this course, it is quite clear to me that gathering the beneficial information is not an easy task as it seems before. 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The Revolution Of The Modern World - 1441 Words

Revolution has played a critical role in the establishment of the modern world. As a means to an end, it is a methodical approach for creating change in the leadership, culture, and organizational structures within a society. Most interpretations of revolutions consist of the aggressive overthrow of a government or societal conditions in an attempt to bring forth change. Although the term ‘revolution’ is often understood to include a violent disruption of the status quo, it can also include non-violent episodes of change of both positive and negative results. Going Through a Revolution When a country experiences a revolution, it means that the country is experiencing some sort of crisis or situation that generates a high level of dissatisfaction with the people. In other words, something has to occur that generates a desire for change that is strong enough to inspire the people to come together and revolt against those in power or to create a new state of affairs that will improve the situation. The French Revolution provides an example of a social and fiscal crisis in which the ruling elites and aristocracy benefit from and rely on the lower-class who are experiencing poverty, hunger, and desperation. The unfair taxation and disregard for the lower-class, in addition to fiscal mismanagement created a poor economic situation consisting of high unemployment, poverty, and famine. 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The French Revolution was a successful endeavour on the part of the French people because it reformed social traditionRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Enlightenment1471 Words   |  6 Pagesactions of the French Revolution sparked by philosophies of Enlightenment, will impact the future. Historical figures such as Robespierre heading the Great Assembly will drive change in culture through the revolution, in hopes of achieving enlightened societies. The 18th century marks the beginning of modern history. The French revolution playing a role in furthering Enlightenment, will led to a chain of events that will change the course of the future and modernize the world through the intellectual

Last Shot Free Essays

Who knew that from the beginning things would fall downhill fast, the other team would be such more skilled and our team being devastated and that I would crumble In my moment to save what little respect my team had left? I look across the field at the other team warming up. I can’t help but notice how fluid and controlled their movements are. Halfway into the game my team’s spirit is deflated. We will write a custom essay sample on Last Shot or any similar topic only for you Order Now We are playing worse than we really are. We thought we would be okay but the team is playing defeated. We are down five to zero; the possibility of scoring is a thing of the past considering our attackers haven’t seen the goal all game. Coach paces the locker mom speaking his face reddening as he tries to raise the burning sensation to win within the team. The eyes of my teammates light up with a spark, with hope that sparks will ignite into a flaming inferno. The last quarter of the game my mind is filled with guilt. Have I choked or was the other team Just better? Am I good enough to deserve this spot on the team? We are down nine to nothing with Just under a minute left and the other team has the ball. As the attacker comes down the field I get a nod from coach and I know it’s his way of telling me the pride of the team rest on my holders. I have one Job and one Job only do not let this game get into the double digits. Number 21 comes down the ball passing it in his team begins to move the ball around the goal. Seeing the ball moving around to my left side I step up to meet the shot, then a sadden movement catches my eye to the right. In that split second the attacker released the ball, my focus lost for one moment caused my reflexes to falter. I swing my stick around in hope that I can make the save, but the slap of the net lets me know I was too late. Twenty minutes later the buzzer sounds and the game Is over s Is any pride I had left. Not only had I let down myself but equally so my coach, school and my team. I sat there In the locker room the game on my mind all those thoughts running circles In my mind. My emotions running wild Inside me now that I am alone all the anger, sadness, regret disgust but most of all I feel Like a failure. And In that same moment I realized If I had sat there mopping nothing would change With the determination In my heart and mind that dull spark blew up Into a flame you could see through my eyes. I picked up my stick looked at It running to the field dead to practice and prove I’m worth to hold this stick. Last Shot By Commander Due: 2/16/2011 I sit in that smelly sweat stained locker room, all I can think about is whether or not I practice hard enough or pushed myself to the limit. I change alone in my corner with as he slaps my pads when he walks by. Laughing, he asks me if I was set; grabbing much more skilled and our team being devastated and that I would crumble in my other team warming up. I can’t help but notice how fluid and controlled their me know I was too late. Twenty minutes later the buzzer sounds and the game is over s is any pride I had left. Not only had I let down myself but equally so my coach, school and my team. I sat there in the locker room the game on my mind all those thoughts running circles in my mind. My emotions running wild inside me now that I am alone all the anger, sadness, regret disgust but most of all I feel like a failure. And in that same moment I realized if I had sat there mopping nothing would change. With the determination in my heart and mind that dull spark blew up into a flame you could see through my eyes. I picked up my stick looked at it running to the field How to cite Last Shot, Papers

Guide Wavelength Measurements free essay sample

The relationship between the wavelength in free space and the guide wavelength. Furthermore, this experiment will be a way in which to gain experience in using different types of laboratory communications equipment. Introduction What is wavelength? Wavelength of a sinusoidal wave is the distance between identical points in the adjacent cycles of a waveform signal. Wavelength is commonly designated by the Greek letter lambda (? )Wavelength is inversely correlated to frequency (figure 1. 1), therefore the higher the frequency of the signal, the shorter the wavelength. vp Is the phase velocity f is the frequency vp Is the phase velocity f is the frequency ?=vpf Figure 1. 1 What is a wave guide? Figure 1. 2 A waveguide is a special form of transmission line consisting of a rectangular (figure 1. 2) or cylindrical metal tube or pipe, through which electromagnetic waves are propagated in microwave and RF communications. It s commonly used in microwave communications, broadcasting, and radar installations. A waveguide must have a certain minimum diameter relative to the wavelength of the signal and therefore are practical only for signals of extremely high frequency. Consequently below such frequencies, waveguides are useless as electrical transmission lines. â€Å"An electromagnetic field can propagate along a waveguide in various ways. Two common modes are known as transverse-magnetic (TM) and transverse-electric (TE). In TM mode, the magnetic lines of flux are perpendicular to the axis of the waveguide. In TE mode, the electric lines of flux are perpendicular to the axis of the waveguide. Either mode can provide low loss and high efficiency as long as the interior of the waveguide is kept clean and dry. † Some disadvantages are: * The high cost, since the material used is special alloy (copper and silver). * It is not possible to pass DC currents along with your RF signal. * The volume and mass particularly are at lower frequencies. Although there is quite a few disadvantages the fact that you can transmit extremely high peak powers and very low loss outweighs it. Furthermore the Silver plating used on the inside walls of the waveguide decreases the resistance loss making the copper and aluminium waveguides even more efficient. Experimental notes The experiment needs to be conducted to obtain the value of the guide wavelength and thereafter calculate the wave dimension and observe whether it matches the initial result that was measured. The initial result measured was the value. Cut-off wavelength for the wave guide mode being propagate ? o = Wavelength in free space g = Guide wavelength, known as delta g The equation to measure ? o is already present as it is given by free-space. Although the cut-off wavelength can be calculated by rearranging the formula in figure 1. 1, the experiment will be used to further confirm this mathematical formula. What we will acquire is a range of guide wavelengths throughout the experiment in order to find the Cut-off wavelength. Where is the cut-off wavelength for the waveguide mode being propagated? The dominant mode is being propagated in the rectangular waveguide (figure 1. 2) which means where (a) is the internal broad dimension of the rectangular waveguide. Block diagram Microwave signal source Isolator Preset attenuator Wave meter Short circuit Calibrated attenuator Tuned SWR amplifier + meter Standing wave detector Microwave signal source Isolator Preset attenuator Wave meter Short circuit Calibrated attenuator Tuned SWR amplifier + meter Standing wave detector Microwave signal source This device is the signal generator where you get 8 to 12 GHz. It is extremely expensive equipment and costs in the region of ? 20,000. This is due to the fact that we are dealing with high frequency signals and not with normal radio waves. Isolator By terminating one port, a circulator becomes an isolator, which contains the property for energy to flow in one direction only. It samples some of the forward wave power and couples it to a calibrated cavity wave meter for measuring the oscillator frequency. Preset attenuator â€Å"Attenuators are essential building blocks when developing test stations for applications† Attenuators are devices used to adjust signal levels which helps to stop the reflected power from reaching the oscillator, control impedance mismatch and to isolate circuit stages. Wave meter Any device for measuring the free-space wavelengths (or frequencies) of microwaves; usually made of a cavity resonator whose dimensions can be varied until resonance with the microwaves is achieved. The determination is often made indirectly, by measuring the frequency of the wave. Calibrated attenuator The calibrator changes the value if it gets too high. Attenuators are manufactured with high-accuracy calibration, and for utmost precision. They available in standard waveguide were each attenuator is calibrated at the frequency specified at the time of order. Standing wave detector Standing wave detector detects radio frequency signals along a transmission line or in a waveguide and changes it into a DC voltage for the reason that the waveguide cannot transmit DC currents along with the RF signal. Tuned SWR amplifier + meter The  standing wave ratio  meter  measures the  SWR (standing-wave-ratio)  which is the ratio of the amplitude of a partial standing wave at a maximum to the amplitude at a minimum in a transmission line. This is an item of  radio  equipment used to check the quality of the match between the  antenna  and the  transmission line. Procedure 1. Set up the microwave bench, as indicated. 2. Read the basic instructions for the microwave bench and then obtain oscillations at 8. 5 GHz from the microwave signal source. 3. If it is possible, maximize the deflection on the SWR-meter by using the method outlined in the basic instructions. 4. Measure the frequency, f, using the wave meter. Calculate the free space wavelength, ? o , by using ? o = c/f where c = 2. 997? 1010 cm s-1. 5. Move the standing wave detector (SWD) probe along the slotted line and watch the SWR-meter.